As for titanium dioxide, the FDA approved titanium dioxide for use as a food additive in 1966. The last time the agency reviewed the additive’s safety, according to the Guardian, was in 1973.
There are numerous manufacturers of titanium dioxide; the largest include Delaware-based Chemours (a spin-off of DuPont Chemical), Texas-based Kronos, and China-based Lomon Billions Group, all of which manufacture pigments for use in products like paints, coatings, and plastics. UK-based Venator is a major supplier of titanium dioxide used in food and cosmetics, along with paints, paper, plastic, and more. As a pigment, it is called Pigment White 6 (PW6), titanium white, or CI 77891. As a food additive, it is known as E171.
- Firstly, calcium carbonate factories can be categorized into two primary types natural and synthetic. Natural calcium carbonate factories extract limestone, marble, or chalk, all of which are rich in calcium carbonate, from the earth's crust. These materials are then processed through grinding and purification techniques to produce calcium carbonate powder. On the other hand, synthetic calcium carbonate factories create the compound through a chemical reaction between calcium oxide (quicklime) and carbon dioxide. This method is often used when a purer form of calcium carbonate is required.
- Anatase Titanium Dioxide A Key Ingredient in Food Grade Applications and Its Leading Suppliers
Exposure to titanium dioxide in utero and in breastfeeding children
When E171 isn’t combined with other ingredients and administered in water, some studies suggest that under these artificial conditions, E171 may be processed differently in the body resulting in some biological changes in experimental animals that are poorly understood.
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The company has a wide variety of products, mainly including rutile titanium dioxide R818, R838, R868, R878, covering profiles, also have anatase TiO2 A1. Soft plastics and masterbatches, flat coatings, high-gloss coatings, water-based coatings, oil-based coatings, rubber, powder coatings, papermaking and other special fields, its products have been known in the market for their excellent whiteness and brightness, good hiding power and tinting power, stable application performance, and stable product quality and supply capacity.
Manufacturers get titanium dioxide from minerals called brookite, rutile, and anatase. It's processed into a powder and refined to meet strict safety guidelines.
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The FDA categorized titanium dioxide as “Generally Recognized as Safe,” but there are warnings about its potential dangers from other organizations.
Now imagine the delicate skin on your face, on your children’s arms & legs. Each day un-knowingly, thinking we are doing the right thing, we slather them up with titanium dioxide in the form of sunscreen & send them out into the sun, all the while never knowing that once exposed to light titanium dioxide creates free radicals that are strong enough to damage steel roofing panels!!
Titanium dioxide as used in sunscreens is commonly modified with other ingredients to ensure efficacy and stability. Examples of what are known as surface modifier ingredients used for titanium dioxide include stearic acid, isostearic acid, polyhydroxystearic acid, and dimethicone/methicone copolymer.

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In a 2019 study published in the journal Nanotoxicology, researchers recreated the first phase of digestion in mice and fed them titanium dioxide, then examined whether accumulation occurred in the organs. Researchers wrote: “Significant accumulation of titanium was observed in the liver and intestine of E171-fed mice; in the latter a threefold increase in the number of TiO2 particles was also measured. Titanium accumulation in the liver was associated with necroinflammatory foci containing tissue monocytes/macrophages. Three days after the last dose, increased superoxide production and inflammation were observed in the stomach and intestine. Overall, [this] indicates that the risk for human health associated with dietary exposure to E171 needs to be carefully considered.”

